An exploratory study of the factors associated with use of contraceptive methods in young Chilean women aged 17-29 years.

OBJECTIVE: To explore factors related to the use of contraceptive methods in young Chilean women with higher education. METHODS: Using the 9th Chilean National Youth Survey, multinomial models were conducted to predict contraceptive methods used during the last intercourse among sexually initiated female college students aged 17-29 years who had already completed high school (n = 1828). RESULTS: The results indicate that using contraceptive methods at onset sexual activity was positively associated with the use of all contraceptive methods (relative risk ratio [RRR]immediate = 3.97, RRRdaily = 2.95, RRRlong-term = 1.82, P < 0.05). Having a previous unintended pregnancy increased the odds of using long-term contraceptive methods (RRR = 2.13, P < 0.05). Increased age of sexual initiation was associated with increased odds of using immediate contraception methods (RRRadolescence = 2.57, RRRyoung adulthood = 3.75, P < 0.05). Substance use was not associated with contraception methods used. Medium socioeconomic status, compared with high, decreased the odds of using immediate and daily contraceptive methods (RRR = 0.26, P < 0.05 for both). Low socioeconomic status was associated with decreased odds of using daily contraception (RRR = 0.39, P < 0.05). Finally, incomplete (RRR = 2.21, P < 0.05) or complete (RRR = 2.38, P < 0.05) professional education increased the odds of immediate contraceptive methods. CONCLUSIONS: To generate family planning policies aimed at university students, individual factors related to sexual behavior should be addressed in accordance with the local reality and with a gender focus.

Motivation by, Perceived Quality of and Satisfaction with Sports Services among Young Athletes: A Psychological Approach.

The aim was to assess the psychological approach of young athletes to sports services in terms of motivation, perceived quality and satisfaction. A total of 307 adolescents (55.7% male and 44.3% female) between 12 and 18 years old participated. Three questionnaires were applied: an ad hoc questionnaire, the Self-Report of Motivation to Practice Physical Exercise (AMPEF) and the Questionnaire for the Evaluation of Sports Services (EPOD2). A descriptive, cross-sectional study was conducted, applying regression analysis to determine the predictive nature of the factors in the questionnaires. Individual sports players and non-competitors rated the motivational factors lower than those who practised collective sports and competed, and the results were reversed with regard to the perceived quality of, satisfaction with and value of the service. They valued human and personal treatment more highly, correlating it moderately and positively with service value (r = 0.422 for the monitor and r = 0.442 for the organisation's staff) and satisfaction (r = 0.43 for the monitor and r = 0.552 for the organisation's staff). Satisfaction was a negative predictor of extrinsic motivation, and vice versa (ß = -0.207 and ß = -0.143). Young athletes, in general, have an orientation towards intrinsic motivation and therefore a low tendency towards sports dropout.

Insatisfacción corporal en gimnastas españoles de acrobática respecto a un grupo control de no practicantes / Insatisfação corporal em ginastas acrobáticas espanholas comparadas a um grupo controle de não praticantes / Body dissatisfaction in Spanish acrobatic-gymnasts regarding a control group of non-practitioners

El objetivo analizar y comparar la insatisfacción corporal y medidas antropométricas en dos grupos de adolescentes practicantes y no practicantes de gimnasia acrobática. Participaron 269 adolescentes de ambos sexos (165 grupo control y 104 gimnastas) entre 11 y 19 años de edad. La insatisfacción corporal fue evaluada con el Body Shape Questionnaire (BSQ) y se calcularon el índice de masa corporal (IMC), la razón cintura-estatura y el porcentaje de grasa corporal (%GC). Los gimnastas alcanzaron puntuaciones significativamente más elevadas de satisfacción corporal que los no practicantes en ambos sexos, presentando rangos promedio inferiores en todas las variables antropométricas con diferencias significativas. La puntuación global del BSQ se correlacionó con la edad, el pliegue subescapular y %GCen los gimnastas, existiendo solo relaciones entre las medidas antropométricas entre sí en el grupo control. Como conclusión, la insatisfacción corporal es mayor en el grupo control existiendo relación entre la práctica de la gimnasia acrobática y una mayor satisfacción corporal. (AU)

The objective was to analyze and compare body dissatisfaction and anthropometric measurements in two groups of adolescents practicing and not practicing acrobatic gymnastics. 269 adolescents of both sexes participated (165 control group and 104 gymnasts) between 11 and 19 years of age. Body dissatisfaction was assessed with the Body Shape Questionnaire (BSQ) and body mass index (BMI), waist-to-height ratio, and body fat percentage (BF%) were calculated. The gymnasts reached significantly higher scores of body satisfaction than the non-practitioners in both sexes, presenting lower average ranges in all the anthropometric variables with significant differences. The BSQ global score was correlated with age, subscapular skinfold and BF% in gymnasts, with only relationships between anthropometric measurements in the control group. In conclusion, body dissatisfaction is greater in the control group, with a relationship between the practice of acrobatic gymnastics and greater body satisfaction. (AU)

O objetivo foi analisar e comparar a insatisfação corporal e as medidas antropométricas em dois grupos de adolescentes praticantes e não praticantes de ginástica acrobática. Participaram 269 adolescentes de ambos os sexos (165 grupo controle e 104 ginastas) entre 11 e 19 anos de idade. A insatisfação corporal foi avaliada com o Body Shape Questionnaire (BSQ) e foram calculados o índice de massa corporal (IMC), razão cintura/estatura e percentual de gordura corporal (%G). As ginastas alcançaram escores de satisfação corporal significativamente maiores do que as não praticantes em ambos os sexos, apresentando médias menores em todas as variáveis antropométricas com diferenças significativas. O escore global do BSQ foi correlacionado com idade, dobra cutânea subescapular e %GC nas ginastas, havendo apenas relações entre as medidas antropométricas no grupo controle. Em conclusão, a insatisfação corporal é maior no grupo controle, havendo relação entre a prática de ginástica acrobática e maior satisfação corporal. (SU)

Adherencia a la dieta mediterránea en niños y adolescentes deportistas: revisión sistemática / Adherence to the mediterranean diet in child and adolescent athletes: a systematic review

Resumen Peláez Barrios, E.M. y Vernetta Santana M. (2021). Adherencia a la dieta mediterránea en niños y adolescentes deportistas: revisión sistemática. PENSAR EN MOVIMIENTO: Revista de Ciencias del Ejercicio y la Salud, 19(1), 1-19. El objetivo de esta revisión fue analizar los estudios realizados en niños y adolescentes deportistas que utilizaban el índice KIDMED para conocer la adherencia a la dieta mediterránea (ADM). Se realizó una búsqueda en diferentes bases de datos: WOS, Scopus, Google Scholar, Pubmed y Sport Discuss, entre el 1 de enero de 2010 y el 1 de junio de 2020, siguiendo la guía PRISMA. De los 82 estudios identificados, 10 analizaron la ADM y cumplieron con todos los criterios de inclusión. Los resultados obtenidos indicaron que los mayores porcentajes de ADM óptima se evidencian en piragüistas masculinos, seguidos de futbolistas masculinos, gimnastas de rítmica y kayakistas femeninas (66%, 54.8%, 52.2% y 51%, respectivamente). En todos los deportistas analizados, los resultados son mejorables, principalmente en el caso de las jugadoras de futbol sala. En la mayoría de los estudios no existe una relación entre ADM y las medidas antropométricas. Como conclusión, se destaca que la mayoría de los deportistas se encuentran entre una mejorable y óptima adherencia a la dieta mediterránea y son pocos los que obtienen porcentajes bajos de adherencia a la dieta mediterránea; destaca un patrón de adherencia a la dieta mediterránea aceptable casi en su totalidad, pero no óptimo. Además, la mayoría de los estudios incluidos en la revisión sistemática obtienen una alta calidad según las directrices STROBE.

Abstract Peláez Barrios, E.M. & Vernetta Santana M. (2021). Adherence to the mediterranean diet in child and adolescent athletes: a systematic review. PENSAR EN MOVIMIENTO: Revista de Ciencias del Ejercicio y la Salud, 19(1), 1-19. The objective of this review was to analyze studies conducted in child and adolescent athletes using the KIDMED index to study their adherence to the Mediterranean diet (ADM). A search was conducted in different databases including WOS, Scopus, Google Scholar, PubMed, and Sport Discuss between January 1st and June 1st, 2020, following the PRISMA guide. Of the 82 studies identified, 10 articles analyzed ADM and met all the inclusion criteria. Results indicated that the highest percentages of optimal ADM are evident in male canoeists, followed by male soccer players, rhythmic gymnasts, and female kayakers (66%, 54.8%, 52.2%, and 51%, respectively). Results are improvable in all the athletes analyzed, mainly in female futsal players. Most studies do not show a relationship between ADM and anthropometric measurements. In conclusion, most athletes show between improvable and optimal adherence to the Mediterranean diet, and only a few obtain low adherence percentages. Therefore, the pattern of adherence to the Mediterranean diet is mostly acceptable but not optimal. In addition, the quality of most of the studies included in the systematic review are rated high based on the STROBE guidelines.

Resumo Peláez Barrios, E.M. e Vernetta Santana M. (2021). A adesão à dieta mediterrânea em crianças e adolescentes esportistas: revisão sistemática. PENSAR EN MOVIMIENTO: Revista de Ciencias del Ejercicio y la Salud, 19(1), 1-19. Esta revisão teve como objetivo analisar os estudos realizados em crianças e adolescentes esportistas que utilizavam o índice KIDMED para entender a adesão à dieta mediterrânea (ADM). Foi realizada uma busca em diferentes bases de dados: WOS, Scopus, Google Scholar, Pubmed e Sport Discuss, entre 1º de janeiro de 2010 e 1º de junho de 2020, seguindo a recomendação PRISMA. Dos 82 estudos identificados, 10 analisaram a ADM e cumpriram todos os critérios de adesão. Os resultados obtidos indicaram que as maiores porcentagens de ADM ideal se evidenciaram em canoístas masculinos, seguidos de futebolistas masculinos, ginastas rítmicas masculinos e canoístas femininas (66%, 54,8%, 52,2% e 51%, respectivamente). Em todos os esportistas analisados, os resultados são aperfeiçoáveis, principalmente no caso das jogadoras de futebol de salão. Na maioria dos estudos não existe uma relação entre ADM e as medidas antropométricas. Em conclusão, destaca-se que a maioria dos esportistas estão entre uma aperfeiçoável e ótima adesão à dieta mediterrânea e são poucos os que obtém baixas porcentagens de adesão a ela; destaca-se um padrão de adesão à dieta mediterrânea aceitável praticamente total, mas não ótimo. Além disso, a maioria dos estudos incluídos na revisão sistemática obtém uma alta qualidade de acordo com as diretrizes STROBE.

Adherencia a la dieta mediterránea y rendimiento académico en escolares de 1º y 2º de educación secundaria obligatoria / Adherence to the mediterranean diet and academic performance in schoolchildren from 1st and 2nd of Compulsory School

Objetivo: Conocer la relación entre la adherencia a la dieta mediterránea (DM) y el rendimiento académico (RA). Método: 129 adolescentes escolares (56 chicas y 73 chicos) con edades comprendidas entre los 12 y 14 años. Se analizó la adherencia a la DM mediante el Índice Kidmed y el RA calculándose la nota media global de las asignaturas del curso. Se tomaron medidas antropométricas, calculándose con el peso y la altura el Índice de Masa Corporal (IMC) y con el perímetro de cintura (PC) y la altura, la razón cintura estatura (RCE). Resultados: indicaron que sólo el 24% de los adolescentes obtuvieron óptima adherencia a la DM, el RA fue mayoren las chicas que en los chicos con un promedio ligeramente superior en todas las materias a excepción de educación física y matemáticas. El 61.2% de los adolescentes presentaron normopeso y una RCE adecuada a su edad. Conclusión: un número elevado de escolares tienen que mejorar su patrón alimentario, el RA global fue mejor en las chicas pero sin diferencias con los chicos, no existiendo relación entre la adherencia a la DM y el RA. (AU)

Objetive: The objetive was to know the relationships between adherence to the mediterranean diet (MD) and academic performance (AP). Method: 129 school adolescents (56 girls and 73 boys) aged between 12 and 14 years. Adherence to MD was analyzed using the kidmed index and AP calculating with the global mean grade for subjects. Anthropometric measurements were taken, calculating with weight and height the Body Mass Index (BMI), and with the waist circumference and height,,the waist height ratio (WHR). Results: The results indicated that only 24% of the adolescents obtained optimal adherence MD, the AP was higher in girls than in boys with a slightly higher average in all subjects except physical education and mathematics. 61.2% of adolescents presented normal weight, and an appropriate WHR for their age. Conclusion: a high number of schoolchildren have to improve their eating patter, the overall AP was better in girls but without differences with boys, there being no relationship between adherence to MD and AP. (AU)

Dieta mediterránea y aspectos actitudinales de la imagen corporal en adolescentes / Mediterranean diet and attitude aspects of body image in adolescents

INTRODUCCIÓN: La adolescencia es una etapa que se caracteriza por muchos cambios, teniendo gran relevancia la alimentación y la aceptación del propio cuerpo. OBJETIVO: Evaluar la adherencia a la dieta mediterránea (DM) y la imagen corporal en adolescentes sevillanos; determinar la relación entre ambas variables con el IMC y perímetro de cintura, comparar las diferencias entre sexo y ciclo escolar. MÉTODO: Estudio descriptivo, transversal a 164 adolescentes (70 chicas y 94 chicos) entre 12 y 17 años. Se evaluó la adherencia a la DM mediante el Test KIDMED y la insatisfacción corporal mediante el Body Shape Questionnaire (BSQ). RESULTADOS: La adherencia a la DM fue media-alta (50,6% y 47,6%) sin diferencias significativas entre sexos ni ciclo escolar. El 82,9% de la muestra total no presentó insatisfacción corporal. Fueron encontradas asociaciones significativas entre la edad y perímetro de cintura e IMC y perímetro de cintura. Sin embargo, no existió relación entre la DM y la insatisfacción corporal ni con ninguna medida antropométrica. CONCLUSIONES: Los adolescentes tienen una adherencia a la DM media-alta, sin presentar la mayoría insatisfacción corporal. Los datos de moderada DM, alertan de la importancia de plantear y evaluar programas de intervención, con el fin de buscar mejorías

BACKGROUND: Adolescence is a stage that is characterized by many changes, having great importance the food and the acceptance of your own body. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the adherence to the mediterranean diet (DM) and body image in Sevillian adolescents; determine the relationship between both variables with the BMI and waist circumfeence, compare the differences between sexo and school year. METHOD: Descriptive, cross-sectional study of 164 adolescents (70 girls and 94 boys) between 12 and 17 years old. Adherence to MD was assessed using the KIDMED Test and body dissatisfaction through the Body Shape Questionnaire (BSQ). RESULTS: Adherence to MD was médium-high (50.6% and 47.6%) without significant differences between sexes.82.9% of the total sample did not show body insatisfaction. Significant associations were found between age and waist circumference and BMI and waist circumference. However, There was no relationship between MD and body dissatisfaction or with any anthropometric measure. CONCLUSIONS: Adolescents have a médium-high adherence to MD, without presenting the majority of body dissatisfaction. Moderate DM data warn of the importance of planning and evaluating intervention programs, in order to seek improvements